Supplementswell supported · human dataDiscovery of the day
Across 26 cross-sectional studies of 13,296 athletes, doping was 2.74 times more prevalent among dietary supplement users (14.7%) than non-users (6.7%), and supplement users also reported stronger doping intentions and attitudes.
- Study design
- Meta-analysis
- Journal
- Int J Drug Policy
- Evidence
- well supported
What it shows: All 26 included studies were cross-sectional, so the link is an association and cannot show supplement use causes doping; doping was self-reported and measurement of supplement use was inconsistent across studies.Meta-analysis · Int J Drug Policy
Are dietary supplement users more likely to dope than non-users?: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Drug Policy 2023Read the study →