MicronutrientVitamins and minerals

Micronutrients are the vitamins and minerals required in comparatively tiny quantities. They provide no calories but are essential for countless processes, from energy metabolism and oxygen transport to bone health and immune function.

They matter because shortfalls — of iron, vitamin D or others — can quietly impair health, energy and performance even when calories and macros look fine. Chasing macros while ignoring micronutrient quality is a common blind spot.

In practice, a varied diet built around vegetables, fruit, whole foods and adequate protein covers most micronutrient needs, with targeted supplements only to fill a genuine, ideally tested, gap.