Exogenous ketones
Silver· human dataAlso known as: Ketone esters, BHB salts
Ketone bodies sold as an alternative fuel and focus aid, with mixed performance data.
Exogenous ketones (ketone esters or BHB salts) raise blood ketones without fasting or a ketogenic diet, on the theory that this provides an extra fuel and a focus benefit. Esters raise ketones far more than the salts.
Performance results are decidedly mixed — some studies show a small benefit in specific endurance settings, many show none or even impaired high-intensity work, and gut upset is common. They are expensive and unproven as a general ergogenic aid.
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Written and reviewed by Mathew Beale, MSc Biotechnology, University of Reading.
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